Machiavelli and Obama The Benefits of NOT Keeping a...

In chapter eighteen of The Prince, Machiavelli tells the reader how to be successful and when not to keep your word. It is seen through out history that people of power constantly renege on their promises. This philosophy can be connected to our most prominent political figure of this modern day: President Obama. In this chapter, Machiavelli has two major premises: the nature of man, and the nature of fighting. After explaining the natures of both man and fighting, Machiavelli makes the argument that it is better to be a fox (thus successful) and gives a basic outline on how to be one. Machiavelli says, â€Å"A wise lord cannot, nor ought he to, keep faith when such observance may be turned against him, and when the reasons that caused him to†¦show more content†¦He says that force is necessary when the law fails. A prince can use these interchangeable traits to deceive people and break promises. When a prince is in need of force, he must channel his inner beast. Machiavelli believes that it is good to be both a fox and a lion, but it is wiser to be a cunning fox because lions are stupid. Machiavelli says, â€Å"It is necessary to be a fox to discover the snares and a lion to terrify wolves†¦ Those who rely simply on the lion do not understand what they are about†¦ He who has known best how to employ the fox has succeeded best.† What he means is that foxes are cunning and smart enough to get out of traps, but they are not able to defend themselves against wolves. Lions on the other hand are perfectly capable of keeping the wolves at bay, however they are susceptible to traps He says that lions are stupid as where foxes are cunning and thus it is better to be a fox. As a fox, the prince would know when and where to keep his promises as long as it still benefits him. To be a fox and thus successful there are several guidelines. According to Machiavelli, â€Å"A prince ought to take care that he never lets anything slip from his lips that is not replete with the above-named five qualities, that he may appear to him who sees and hears him altogether merciful, faithful, humane, upright, and religious. There is nothing more necessary toShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPrograms and Motivation Theories 252 Using Rewards to Motivate Employees 252 What to Pay: Establishing a Pay Structure 252 †¢ How to Pay: Rewarding Individual Employees Through Variable-Pay Programs 253 †¢ Flexible xii CONTENTS Benefits: Developing a Benefits Package 257 †¢ Intrinsic Rewards: Employee Recognition Programs 259 Summary and Implications for Managers 261 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Job’s Motivating Potential? 240 Myth or Science? â€Å"CEO Pay Can’t Be Measured†

U.S. Holiday Shopping Free Essays

Sales among U. S. stores went stronger than expected over the weekend causing a relief for most retailers who were expecting a bleak shopping period due to overall slowdown of the economy. We will write a custom essay sample on U.S. Holiday Shopping or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, even though the figures are up, signs of more troubles were evident. Apparently, the bargain prices which helped drove shoppers to buy were so shocking that some analysts predicted that these stores will see a much worse profit slashing from their sales in the long run. Most retail experts consider the Friday after Thanksgiving Day as the overall barometer of retailing performance for holiday sales which basically account for at least 25 percent of their annual sales. The very indicator for these retailers came out when ShopperTrak released a report indicating a 3 percent increase of sales last Friday compared with last year’s performance. Moreover, the National Retail Federation (NRF) added that shoppers spent at least 7% more this year compared to 2007 with an average shipper spending about $372. 7 from Friday through Sunday. According to Kathy Grannis of the federation, â€Å"It seems that not only did retailers do a good job of attracting shoppers but it seems that shoppers were also excited again to take part in the tradition of Black Friday weekend. † Friday’s store sales which ranged from 50 to 70 percent will not provide better profits for retailers in the long run experts said. It was such an indicator that â€Å"retailers are somewhat desperate to sell†, according to Hana Ben-Shabat, of A. T. Kearney’s retail practice. NRF reported that 172 million shippers visited shops and online stores after Thanksgiving weekend which is up from 147 million shoppers last year. In general, shoppers bought low-cost items like clothes, DVDs, video game CDs and other accessories. Gift card were not as popular having a 10 percent decrease in sales. How to cite U.S. Holiday Shopping, Papers

Orion Nebula Essay Example For Students

Orion Nebula Essay The Orion Nebula contains one of the brightest star clusters in the night sky. With a magnitude of 4, this nebula is easily visible from the Northern Hemisphere during the winter months. It is surprising, therefore, that this region was not documented until 1610 by a French lawyer named Nicholas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. On March 4, 1769, Charles Messier inducted the Orion Nebula, M42, into his list of stellar objects. Then, in 1771, Messier released his list of objects for its first publication in Memoires de lAcademie.1The Orion Nebula is one of the closest stellar regions to the Earth. Using parallax measurements, it has been estimated that this nebula is only 1,500 light years away. In addition, the Orion Nebula is a relatively young star cluster, with an approximate age of less than one million years. It has even been speculated that some of the younger stars within the cluster are only 300,000 years old. The Orion Nebula is an emission nebula because of the O-type and B-type stars contained within it. These high-temperature stars emit ultraviolet (UV) light that ionizes the surrounding hydrogen atoms into protons (H+) and electrons (e-). When the protons and electrons recombine, the electrons enter a higher energy level (n=3). Then, when the electron drops from the n=3 level to the n=2 level, an Hphoton is emitted. 2 This photon has a wavelength of 6563 , and therefore corresponds to the red portion of the visible spectrum. It is these H? photons which give the nebula the distinctive red color which we see. The extreme brightness of the O-type and B-type stars, coupled with the Earths atmosphere, has always made high-resolution imaging of the star-forming region difficult. But recent advances in adaptive optics and the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope have allowed for incredible detail into the center of the dust cloud. 3 The technological advances have also helped reveal several faint stars within the center of the nebula. The Orion Nebula is a spectacular sight. Consequently, it has been a preferred target of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) over recent years. The HST has provided a great deal of insight into the complicated process of star formation. In June of 1994, C. Robert ODell, a Rice University astronomer, discovered the presence of protoplanetary disks around some stars of the Orion Nebula. After surveying 110 M42 stars, ODell found that 56 of them had disks around them. It has been speculated that the disks identified in the Hubble survey are a missing link in the understanding of how planets, like those in our planetary system, form. 4 According to current theories, the dust contained within the protoplanetary disks eventually condenses to form planets. Furthermore, the abundance of the protoplanetary disks reinforces the assumption that planetary systems are common throughout the universe. The suggestion that the Orion Nebula may eventually lead to planetary formation has become the basis for much discussion. More specifically, Doug Johnstone, an NSERC Post-Doctorate Fellow at the University of Toronto, developed an opposing perspective. At a meeting of the American Astronomical Society, on January 14, 1997, Johnstone suggested that the disks around young cluster stars may not survive long enough for planets to form within them. 5 Furthermore, he concluded that certain favorable conditions must exist in order to promote planetary formation, and that the hostile environment of the Orion Nebula may actually inhibit the creation of planets. With the present limited knowledge of nebulae, no conclusive evidence exists to support either argument. On April 9, 1998, Cornell University astrophysicist Martin Harwit published his discovery of the presence of massive amounts of water in the Orion Nebula. This was the first time that water has been found in a star-forming region. The find demonstrates that water plays a vital role in star formation. In addition, this discovery implies that water is prevalent in space. Harwit speculates that the water acts as a coolant, by carrying heat away from the condensing clouds. It is believed that this process is necessary to slow down the particles in order to allow the compression of the particles into new stars. 6The discovery of water in the Orion Nebula will undoubtedly provide the basis for further study. More specifically, it will prompt scientists to search for water in other regions of space at different stages of star formation. Then, if water is present in each, it may suggest that the oceans of Earth are older than even the planet that now contains them. 7Several unresolved proble ms remain concerning the Orion Nebula. The fate of the protoplanetary disks, for example, is presently impossible to predict. Without a more detailed understanding of how planets actually form, it cannot be assumed that the events within the Orion Nebula are analogous to the events that led to the formation of the planets in the solar system. Furthermore, the detection of water in the nebula has revealed the need to revise the theory of star formation to include water as a major component. .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .postImageUrl , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:hover , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:visited , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:active { border:0!important; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:active , .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub76d48ac8b437bdd003b1d8cfaeb21eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Capoeira - it's not just a dance EssayDespite the fact that great progress is being made in terms of observational techniques and investigation, a great deal of information about the universe remains a mystery. Further analysis of the Orion Nebula, however, may help unravel some of the mysteries, including the origin of the solar system. Bibliography:BibliographyBless, R.C. Discovering the Cosmos. University Science Books. Sausalito, California. 1996. Manning, Elizabeth. Water Among the Stars. United Press International. ABCNews. April 9, 1998. Press Release. Destruction of Protoplanetary Disks in Orions Trapezium Explained. January 14, 1997. Sky Telescope. Protoplanetary Possibilities in the Trapezium. Sky Publishing Corporation. October, 1994. University of Cambridge. Cambridge Astronomy Dictionary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1995.